NIXON AND VIETNAM

Nixon's Vietnam policy - Vietnamization
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamization

http://vietnam.vassar.edu/overview/doc14.html

- the policy for winding down the war.

troops were withdrawn, training and equipment was given to South Vietnamese, by 1972, only 24,200 troops remained
The Viet Cong continued to be supplied through the Ho Chi Minh Trail
However, bombing raids increased, hurting the supply lines of North Vietnam - the bombing expanded to other countries - Cambodia and Laos
U.S. ground forces invaded Cambodia in spring 1970 – this led to more opposition
May 4, 1970 - Kent State. National Guard Killed 4 people.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodian_Campaign

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_State_shootings

Peace Talks! talks -1972 - between Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://printeresting.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/1972_electoral_map.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.printeresting.org/2008/11/04/the-effect-of-printmaking-on-presidential-elections-past/&h=635&w=1182&sz=449&tbnid=xj59JKs4EXQAVM:&tbnh=68&tbnw=126&prev=/search%3Fq%3D1972%2Belection%26tbm%3Disch%26tbo%3Du&zoom=1&q=1972+election&usg=__kCfwOUx37fwTdofYVFaJxP4YsuU=&docid=7NDPJFMUBsx3LM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uEzGT8iEK7OK6QGC6vynBg&ved=0CHIQ9QEwBA&dur=381

In July, word leaked that Henry Kissinger had been meeting privately in Paris with the North Vietnamese Foreign Secretary

in October, only days before the election, Kissinger announced that " Peace is at hand. "
several weeks later, after the election, talks broke down again
January 27, 1973 - agreement on ending the war and restoring X in Vietnam
U.S. troops leave Vietnam, POW's released, cease-fire between the North and South

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nixonvietnam.jpg

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THE FALL OF SAIGON

POW's will return. There were huge tortures in the "Hanoi Hilton." John McCain survived 7 years into the war. The Vietnam War memorial-- A hero's welcome.

Vietnam falls to the Communist control. NOOOOOOO!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodnight_Saigon

Soldiers Won the Battles-- But the Communists win the War!
Back in the, Back in the USSR!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The Legacy of Vietnam

In Southeast Asia:

1.5 million Vietnameese deaths
countless Vietnamese civilians wounded, homeless
Agrarian society in shambles
Southeast Asia left highly unstable
Cambodia fell to communism after terror

In America: America Copes

58,000 Americans killed
365,000 wounded
$150 billion in direct costs
U.S. attempts to come to grips with a "loss" - blow to self-esteem.

Several major U.S. changes as a result of the conflict

government abolished the draft , which had stirred up so much of the antiwar sentiment
War Powers Act- curb the power of the President for making war - US forces are sent into a hostile area without a declaration of war - the troops may only stay there 90 days unless Congress approves of the action and/or declares war
altered American War Powers Resolution
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Powers_Resolution
- risks are considered, because no one wants another Vietnam
overall cynicism in Americans about their government and their political leaders -

The Disillusionment of those who served

Veterans were extended a cold hand
some veterans suffered from stress.
many citizens embittered toward government
entire generation of Americans was affected

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WHAT IS THE LEGACY OF VIETNAM? WHAT DO YOU THINK?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCain

http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=63744

http://www.newsmax.com/deBorchgrave/Vietnam-HauntingLegacy-MarvinKalb-WalterCronkite/2011/07/19/id/404168

Anti-American sentiment is sky-high.

--Media changed the war. Protests/Kent State.

POWs welcome vs Veterans.

US of A lost. 58,000 names.

One of our own students died.

Very little was taught about the war in Vietnam.

Vietnam! End!

THE FALL OF SAIGON